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As an interpreter and translator

W4_study wrap-up.

All remarks on the great transformation of inclusive finance

  • those who had limited access to finance

  • it aims to bring individuals who have been excluded from the formal financial system back into it

  • Financially vulnerable individuals:

  • Low-credit borrowers:

  • undermine incentives to work

  • outflow of workers / withdrawal from the labor market

  • Check implementation status: review the implementation progress

  • Long-delinquent debt: long-delinquent debt / delinquent borrowers

  • write-off(waive) credit amnesty: credit amnesty incineration/reduction

  • Aggressive debt collection practices

  • Illegal private lending: illegal loan shares / illegal private lending

No direct landfill of waste

  • metropolitan wastes were sent to incineration plant in Incheon

  • existing sites are already operating in full capacity

  • wastes should be first incinerated, and only the remaining residues, such as incineration ash generated in the process, should be landfilled

  • the ban on direct landfilling draws near, however, the necessary capacity and readiness remain insufficient

  • waste should be treated/processed in the area where it is generated

  • Maximum operating state: operating close

Human Rights Day

  • Universal Declaration: Universal Declaration of Human Rights

  • racism Racial discrimination / sexism

  • We ask you to stand against injustice and support freedom, openness, and civil discourse.

  • subjugation: subjugation, subordination/domination/control

  • subjugate (forced submission/conquest/oppression) vs. subordinate (subordinate/subordinate in hierarchy/priority)

*e.g. the empire subjugated neighboring tribes (subjugate a people/nation)

*e.g. personal goals are subordinate to the company’s mission / a subordinate officer

Singapore PM New Year Speech

  • Singaporeans also entrusted a new government with a clear mandate to lead our nation

*they entrusted the mandate to a new government

*they entrusted a new government with the mandate

  • reconfiguring trade networks: reorganizing the trade environment

  • officeholders: public officials

  • the government will respond at Budget 2026: 2026 budget announcement / announced in the budget speech

ETC

  • tech founder: IT company founder

  • rate of startup formation or share of employment: Startup formation rate or share of employment

  • we agreed to initiate discussions among the relevant authorities

  • jointly address transnational crimes

  • simplifying immigration procedures: Simplifying immigration procedures

  • Promoting field/school trips: Encouraging school trips

Lee Chang-yong’s New Year’s address

  • endure / weather the challenges

  • trade landscape

  • we should reaffirm our responsibilities

  • at the intersection of fiscal and financial stability

  • inflationary pressure

  • we expect to reach/close potential rate

  • substantial gap between numbers and reality: The gap in recovery is large, so there will be a large gap with the perceived economy.